Officially, Arab states have major Muslim populations, varying from around 60% in Lebanon to almost 100% in Jordan or Saudi Arabia. "People died in my . One striking difference between former Muslims and those who have always been Muslim is in the share who hail from Iran. Sept. 11, 2001, marked the start of a new era for Muslims in the United States.. Do Muslims have more children than other women in western Europe? Quite clearly, Christianity exceeds the other four major religious/non-religious bodies by a significant proportion of 0.6 billion - overtaking Islam in number of followers by an astounding 9.1% of the global population. Shortly after al-Qaida terrorists attacked the Twin Towers and the Pentagon, many Muslims, as well as other Arab . [248] According to scholar Juliette Koning and Heidi Dahles of Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam there is a "rapid expansion of charismatic Christianity from the 1980s onwards. The proportion of the global religiously unaffiliated living in North America will rise from 5% in 2010, to 9% in 2050. Buddhism is the majority religion in nine countries: Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Bhutan, Mongolia, Japan and Singapore. Because of the Holocaust, the number had been reduced to 11 million by the end of 1945. [272][273] Even though the faith originally developed out of Ismaili Islam, Druze does not identify as a branch of Islam. Since the year 2000, the Israeli Druze community has witnessed a significant decrease in fertility-rate and a significant increase in life expectancy. Druze is a major religion in the Levant region. [488][489] Mary Jones says Wicca is one of the fastest-growing religions in the United States as well. The Druzites reside primarily in Syria, Lebanon, Israel and Jordan. [393] As a result of the efforts by these and other Jewish groups over the past 25 years, there has been a trend (known as the Baal teshuva movement) for secular Jews to become more religiously observant, though the demographic implications of the trend are unknown. Pew Research projections, over time fertility rates generally converge toward the And as the ranks of the nones have swelled,. But individuals are now renouncing Islam at greater rates than ever before. Two decades ago, the mere thought of people leaving Islam would have created a sense of anger and betrayal in many Muslims, with many questioning whether individuals had been brainwashed or had become too 'westernised'. [450] According to a 2017 Pew Research Center survey, between 2010 and 2015 "an estimated 68 million babies were born to religiously unaffiliated mothers and roughly 42 million religiously unaffiliated died, meaning that the natural increase in the religiously unaffiliated population i.e., the number of births minus the number of deaths was 26 million over this period". Toleransi yang mengundang murka Allah Conversions involving Islam sometimes look like a one-way street in the West. [491], Zoroastrianism was founded during the early Persian Empire in the 6th century BCE by Zarathustra. According to the Pew Research Center, religious conversion may have a modest impact on religiously unaffiliated population between 2010 and 2050; religiously unaffiliated are expected to gain 61 million adherents. (RNS) It's bad news for organized religion: A majority of the religiously unaffiliated the so-called "nones" say they fell away from faith not because of any . [101] The main growth areas have been Asia and Africa, 39% and 32%, respectively, since 2000. Although they purchased some toleration by paying the jizya (poll tax), not abolished until 1882, they were treated as an inferior race, had to wear distinctive garb, and were not allowed to ride horses or bear arms. If you're struggling, there are groups online that can help (including the organisation mentioned in this article), as well as resources like Kids Helpline, which helps young people up to the age . [102] On the other hand, Eric Kaufman, of University of London, argued that the main reason for the expansion of Catholicism and conservative Protestantism along with other religions is because their religions tend to be "pro-natal" and they have more children, and not due to religious conversion.[103]. Druzites or Al-Muwaidn are an Arabic-speaking esoteric ethnoreligious group; the number of Druzites worldwide is between 800,000 and one million, with the vast majority residing in the Levant. Looking at suicide as a share of total death is one way to compare differences across the world. [512][513][514] However, this has not been confirmed by independent sources. [60] The Vatican's 2008 yearbook of statistics revealed that for the first time, Islam has outnumbered the Roman Catholics globally. According to Pew Research Center, in the United States, the percentage of people converting to Islam is almost the same as the people leaving Islam ( about 23%). [246] According to a study by a scholar Fenggang Yang from Purdue University, Christianity is "spreading among the Chinese of South-East Asia", and "Evangelical and Pentecostal Christianity is growing more quickly in China",[247] also according to him, more than half of them have university degrees. In every hour, 667 Muslims convert to Christianity. [38] According to scholar Mark Juergensmeyer of University of California, Berkeley, the global Christian population increased at an average annual rate of 2.3%, while Roman Catholicism is growing by 1.3% annually, Protestantism is growing by 3.3% annually, and Evangelicalism and Pentecostalism is growing by 7% annually. [319] A new study of Population Reference Bureau by demographers Charles Westoff and Tomas Frejka suggests that the fertility gap between Muslims and non-Muslims is shrinking and although the Muslim immigrants do have more children than other Europeans their fertility tends to decline over time, often faster than among non-Muslims. "Five Centuries After Reformation, Catholic-Protestant Divide in Western Europe Has Faded," Pew Research Center, 31 August 2017, 5/11, Garrison, David; 2014; "A Wind in the House of Islam: How God Is Drawing Muslims Around The World To Faith in Jesus Christ"; WIGTake Resources. The birth rate is expected to be the main factor in the growth of Christianity. [49] According to a 2017 Pew Research Center survey, by 2060 Christians will remain the world's largest religion; and the number of Christians will reach 3.05billion (or 31.8%). What the data says about gun deaths in the U.S. Religious conversions havent had a large impact on the size of the U.S. Muslim population, largely because about as many Americans convert to Islam as leave the faith. Chart courtesy of Ryan Burge Thus, the likelihood of leaving Islam appears to be at its highest when young people's lives are the most unsettled. [375][376][377] (such as Christians under the Ottoman Empire's authority,[378][379] Hindus and Buddhists under regime of Muslim invaders,[369] Coptic Christians under administration of the Muslim Arabs,[372] Zoroastrians living under Islamic rule in ancient Persia,[380] and also with Jewish communities in the medieval Arab world[374]) while some scholars indicate that some Muslim rulers in India did not consistently collect the jizya (poll tax) from Dhimmis. [70] On the other hand, Central and Eastern European countries did not experience a decline in the percentage of Christians, as the proportion of Christians in these countries have mostly been stable or even increasing. [340] Islam is widely considered as the fastest growing religion in Europe due primarily to immigration and above average birth rates. [238] And according to Eric Kaufmann from Harvard University and University of London, Christian fundamentalism is expanding in the United States. ), According to Pew Research Center survey in 2012, religiously unaffiliated (include agnostic and atheist) make up about 18.2% of Europe's population,[450] and they make up the majority of the population in only two European countries: Czech Republic (76%) and Estonia (60%). 2002. [369] Under Islamic law, Muslims are required to pay Zakat, one of the five pillars of Islam. [249] According to the Council on Foreign Relations the "number of Chinese Protestants has grown by an average of 10 percent annually since 1979". In surveys conducted in 2018 and 2019, Pew found that 65 percent of Americans described themselves as Christian, a 12 percent decline over the past decade. It is published by Brill and is the most comprehensive database of religious demographics available to scholars, providing data for all of the world's countries. Naresh Mitra / TNN / Jan 11, 2016, 03:10 IST. By. Atheism and agnosticism are not typically considered religions, but data about the prevalence of. [305] A 2007 Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) report argued that some Muslim population projections are overestimated, as they assume that all descendants of Muslims will become Muslims even in cases of mixed parenthood. [317] According to Foreign Policy, high birth rates were cited as the reason for the Muslim population growth. Of the total 506 people who registered their change of religion with the government, 241 were those who converted from Christianity or Islam to Hinduism. [74], According to a 2005 paper submitted to a meeting of the American Political Science Association, most of Christianity's growth has occurred in non-Western countries. [486][479] By 2050, according to Pew research center based on growth rate of current Sikh population between (2001-2011), India will have 27,129,086 Sikhs by half-century which will be more than that of any country including the Western world. And many people who left last year are coming back too. But the fact that the shares of people who enter and leave Islam are roughly equal suggests that conversions to and from the faith are having little impact on the groups overall growth. [439] However, since around 2001 the Universal House of Justice has prioritized statistics of the community by their levels of activity rather than simply their population of avowed adherents or numbers of local assemblies. [62] Changes in worldwide Protestantism over the last century have been significant. Unless you are from a totalitarian country like China where the religion is intentionally put down. [421] From having roughly 200,000 Bahs in 1950,[422] the religion grew to having over 4 million by the late 1980s, with a widespread international distribution. By 2030 Muslims are projected to represent about 26.4% of the global population (out of a total of 7.9billion people). Born in the . [297] According to the BBC, a comprehensive American study concluded in 2009 that the number of Muslims worldwide stood at about 23% of the world's population with 60% of the world's Muslims living in Asia. [118], According to the World Christian Encyclopedia[122] estimate significantly more people have converted to Christianity from Islam in the 21st century than at any other point in Islamic history. Some metro areas, such as Washington, D.C., have sizable Muslim communities. "The majority of ex-Muslims I interviewed said they were profoundly lonely and isolated, and they related. [268], The 2001 American Religious Identification Survey (ARIS) survey estimated that between 1990 and 2001 the number of self-identifying deists grew from 6,000 to 49,000, representing about 0.02% of the US population at the time.[269]. There wereclear reasons why Muslim governments would not want to encourage conversion to Islam. (Ms Lewthwaite reportedly had a close relationship with Muslim neighbours during her youth.) The curse is said to cause misfortune or harm to the person that it is directed at. [60] According to various scholars and sources Pentecostalism a Protestant Christian movement is the fastest growing religion in the world,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] this growth is primarily due to religious conversion. [220][221][222] Churches in Europe say that there is an increase in the number of Muslims converting to Christianity among immigrants. Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. According to the Pew Research Center, the Muslim population in Europe (excluding Turkey) was about 30 million in 1990, and 44 million in 2010; the Muslim share of the population increased from 4.1% in 1990 to 6% in 2010. [295][296] According to the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, as of 2007 estimated that the fastest-growing religion of the world to be Islam (1.84%), high birth rates in as the reason for the growths. This has only been achieved in rare cases, and then only for particular countries, such as the American Religious Identification Survey[451] in the United States, or census data from Australia (which has included a voluntary religious question since 1911). It is a subsidiary of The Pew Charitable Trusts. Wealthy Neighborhoods Saw the Most People Leave Every borough experienced a spike in people moving out last year, but Manhattan saw the . [299] From 1990 to 2010, the global Muslim population increased at an average annual rate of 2.2%. In 2015, the internationally recognized religion was the second-largest international religion in Iran,[413] Panama,[414] Belize,[415] Bolivia,[416] Zambia,[417] and Papua New Guinea;[418] and the third-largest in Chad,[419] and Kenya. [397] The diaspora countries, by contrast, have low Jewish birth rates, an increasingly elderly age composition, and a negative balance of people leaving Judaism versus those joining. Despite the decline, Muslims still have the highest birth rate among the world's major religious groups. A 2014 study indicated that over 1.2 million people will leave the church in the next year. Like Americans in many other religious groups, a substantial share of adults who were raised Muslim no longer identify as members of the faith. [47] In South Africa, Pentecostalism has grown from 0.2%, in 1951, to 7.6%, in 2001. No destruction was permitted. [123] The 2015 Believers in Christ from a Muslim Background: A Global Census study published by Baylor University institute for studies of religion estimates that 10.2 million Muslims converted to Christianity based on global missionary data. the survey was based on 50,000 respondents with 90% of those surveyed living in Iran. The clash of internal currents is wearing the movement down a year and a half after it regained power in Afghanistan. Before it was banned in certain countries, the religion "hugely increased" in sub-Saharan Africa. One-fifth of the U.S. public and a third of adults under 30 are religiously unaffiliated today, the highest percentages ever in Pew Research Center polling. Thus, this report excludes religious conversion as a direct factor from the projection of Muslim population growth. Likewise, certain states, such asNew Jersey, are home to two or three times as many Muslim adults per capita as the national average. However, the 2021, sfn error: no target: CITEREFHourani1947 (, harvnb error: no target: CITEREFBoyce2001 (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFRoyUnisa2004 (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFTaraporevala2000 (, Todd M. Johnson, Brian J. When asked where they think tensions between the Muslim and Western worlds originate, answers vary. [301], On the other hand, in 2010, the Pew Forum found "that statistical data for Muslim conversions is scarce and as per their little available information, there is no substantial net gain or loss of Muslims due to religious conversion. [270] The fertility rate for Israeli Druze in 2017 is 2.1 children per woman, while the fertility rate among Jewish women (3.2) and Muslim women (3.4) and the fertility rate among Israeli Christian women (1.9). [213][214] Some scholars and media reports indicate that in the Middle East there been increasing numbers of conversions to Christianity among the Berbers,[215][216][201] Kurds,[217][218][201] Persians,[206] and Turks,[219] and among some religious minorities such as Alawites and Druze. forced converts from Islam. 22 August 2019. Plattner, Marc F. and Costopoulos, Philip J. [52] Christians have 2.7 children per woman, which is above replacement level (2.1). Read our research on: Congress | Economy | Gender. The Taliban's armed uprising against . [26], Sikhism was founded by Guru Nanak in the 15th century. Those in Middle East and North Africa (MENA) nations and in the U.S. and Canada equally cite. [59] According to a 2017 Pew Research Center survey, between 2010 and 2015 "an estimated 223 million babies were born to Christian mothers and roughly 107 million Christians died, meaning that the natural increase in the Christian population i.e., the number of births minus the number of deaths was 116 million over this period". [38] According to the same study Buddhists "are projected to decline in absolute number, dropping 7% from nearly 500 million in 2015 to 462 million in 2060. [333] On the other hand, the increasingly large ex-Muslim communities in the Western world that adhere to no religion have been well documented. Change of Name and Identity strategies, between Culture of Origin and Migration]", "Over 20,000 converted to Christianity since 1990 in Kashmir", "Report: Iran: Christian converts and house churches (1) prevalence and conditions for religious practice Translation provided by the Office of the Commissioner-General for Refugees and Stateless Persons, Belgium", "Iranians Turn Away from the Islamic Republic", "Iran: Christians and Christian converts - Department of Justice", "2019 Report on International Religious Freedom: Iran", "Are Iran's Christian converts at greater risk after Soleimani's demise? [322][323] According to David Ignatius, there is major decline in Muslim fertility rates as pointed out by Nicholas Eberstadt. [336][337][b] A survey conducted by Pew Research Center in 2017 found that conversion has a negative impact on the growth of the Muslim population in Europe, with roughly 160,000 more people leaving Islam than converting into Islam between 2010 and 2016. Ellethy 2014, p. 181. "I've confirmed it with. [459] The decline is largely due to the advanced age (median age of 34) and low fertility among unaffiliated or Nonreligious (1.7 children per woman in the 20102015 period). Since the countries' religious establishments also serve as. Islam began in Arabia and from 633 AD until the late 10th century it was spread through conquests, far-reaching trade and missionary activity. [281] Hindus made up about 15% of the world's population in 2010. These cases do not contribute to a growth of Christianity overall, but rather to a substitution of a brand of Christianity with another one. [314] On the other hand, according to Pew Research, the number of American converts to Islam is roughly equal to the number of American Muslims who leave Islam and this is unlike other religions in the United States where the number of those who leave these religions is greater than the number of those who convert to it,[195] and most people who leave Islam become unaffiliated, according to same study ex-Muslims were more likely to be Christians compare to ex-Hindus or ex-Jews. [99], Catholic Church membership in 2013 was 1.254billion, which is 17.7% of the world population, an increase from 437million, in 1950[100] and 654million, in 1970. [391], Orthodox and Conservative Judaism discourage proselytism to non-Jews,[392] but many Jewish groups have tried to reach out to the assimilated Jewish communities of the Diaspora in order for them to reconnect to their Jewish roots. [335] Many Muslims who leave Islam face social rejection or imprisonment and sometimes murder or other penalties. [461] The religiously unaffiliated are stationed largely in the Asia-Pacific region, where 76% resided in that region in 2010, and is expected to be 68% by 2050. The UN concluded that in the first eight months of 2014, at least 9,347 civilians had been killed and at least 17,386 wounded. [319] While Muslim birth rates are expected to experience a decline, it will remain above replacement level and higher fertility than the world's overall by 2050. [52] In 1900, Europe and the Americas were home to the vast majority of the world's Christians (93%). [26] According to a 2017 Pew Research Center survey, over the next four decades the number of Jews around the world is expected to increase from 14.2 million in 2015 to 16.3 million in 2060. [72] Christianity is still the largest religion in Central and Eastern Europe, according to a 2017 study by the Pew Research Center, the share of adults who identify themselves as Eastern Orthodox in Russia, Ukraine and Bulgaria has been significantly increased between 1991 and 2015. It's also hard to kiss. [81] According to scholar Terence Chong, since 1980s Protestantism is expanding in Singapore, Indonesia, Malaysia, Taiwan, and South Korea. Ergo, we can expect significant immigration to the secular West which will import religious revival on the back of ethnic change. [386] Hugh Kennedy has also discussed the Jizyah issue and stated that Muslim governments discouraged conversion but were unable to prevent it. Most of the net growth in the numbers of Christians is in Africa, Latin America and Asia. It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, media content analysis and other empirical social science research. At . In other words, Christianity as a whole loses more people than it gains from religious switching (conversions in both directions) in the U.S., while the net effect on Islam in America is a wash. A 2017 Pew Research Center survey of U.S. Muslims, using slightly different questions than the 2014 survey, found a similar estimate (24%) of the share of those who were raised Muslim but have left Islam. [52] In 2010, 26% of the world's Christians lived in Europe, followed by 24.4% in Latin America and the Caribbean, 23.8% in Sub-Saharan Africa, 13.2% in Asia and the Pacific, 12.3% in North America, and 1% in the Middle East and North Africa. [226][227] However, these forecasts lack reliable data on religious conversion in China, but according to media reports and expert assessments, it is possible that the rapid growth of Christianity in China may maintain, or even increase, the current numerical advantage of Christianity as the largest religion in the world. On the other hand, the fertility rate in Europe as a whole was (1.6). [451][452] According to Anne Elizabeth Wynn of The Statesman, "The two most recent American Religious Identification Surveys declare Wicca, one form of paganism, as the fastest growing spiritual identification in America". The estimated world's Sikh population was over 30 million in 2020, and it will reach 42million by 2050. [24][25][26], Some religions proselytise vigorously (Christianity and Islam, for example), while others (such as Judaism and Sikhism) do not generally encourage conversions into their ranks. In Latin America and Caribbean Muslim population will stay 0.1% by 2050. It is expected to increase up to 62million by 2100, given that the anticipated growth rate of 1.7% per year and adding at least 400,000 followers annually. ", "Losing their religion: the hidden crisis of faith among Britain's young Muslims", "Losing Their Religion: When Muslim Immigrants Leave Islam", "Iranians have lost their faith according to survey", " ", "5 facts about the Muslim population in Europe", "The Future of the Global Muslim Population - Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life", World Muslim population doubling, report projects, Fewer differences between foreign-born and Swedish born childbearing women. Researchers polled mosques in London to try to calculate how many conversions take place a year. [351] Eric Kaufman also argue that the main reason why Islam is expanding along with other religions, is not because of conversion to Islam, but primarily to the nature of the religion, as he calls it "pro-natal", where Muslims tend to have more children. : Demography and Politics in the Twenty-First Century", "Barrett, David B. Since the 1980s, with the gradual opening of society, folk religion has begun to recover. But there are also states and counties with far fewer Muslims. [30], Buddhism is the majority and state religion in six countries: Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Bhutan and Laos. [280] The Lebanese Druze have the lowest fertility among all age groups after the Lebanese Christians. [225] According to the same study Christianity is expected to lose a net of 66 million adherents (40 million converts versus 106 million apostate) mostly to religiously unaffiliated category between 2010 and 2050, it is also expected that Christianity may have the largest net loses in terms of religious conversion. [349] The prospect of a homogenous Muslim community per se, or a Muslim majority in Europe is however out of the question. [346] He further points out that Muslims are not a monolithic or cohesive group,[347] Most academics who have analysed the demographics dismiss the predictions that the EU will have Muslim majorities. The majority of post-9/11 converts are women, according to experts. [248] According to scholar Wang Zuoa, 500,000 Chinese converts to Protestantism annually. New Delhi: "I have hated Muslims most of my life and today I proudly call myself one," says Siddharth, who assumed the name Shadab when he converted to Islam in 2012. [93] Professor Aris Ananta reported in 2008 that "anecdotal evidence suggests that more Buddhist Chinese have become Christians as they increased their standards of education, because Christianity, unlike Buddhism, is often associated with 'modernity' and Western education", although there are no stats to support this. [35] The decline is due to several factors such as the low fertility level among Buddhists (1.6 children per woman),[36] and the old age (median age of 34), compared to the overall population.
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