For more information about PLOS Subject Areas, click A couple weeks into those lockdowns, countries with new restrictions may be seeing results: The rate of new daily cases has begun to level off or drop in France, Spain, Germany and Italy, though it continues to rise in the United Kingdom. In the first 20 days after implementingmask mandates, new cases slowed by 0.5 percentage points. Thus, policy and adherence levels in a given month were contrasted with lagged COVID-19 case rates in the subsequent month. Cases were higher in the non-mandate states last summer, when the seasonal surge in the South disproportionately hit Republican states without mandates, but those states went on to have fewer cases during the winter, when the seasonal surge in the North hit more Democratic states with mandates. Yes The claim that a CDC study found face masks to have a negligible effect on the spread of COVID-19 is FALSE. 3.1.2023 11:20 AM, Elizabeth Nolan Brown Based on data from various countries and U.S. states from May to September 2020, a preprint study published last June found that general mask wearing was associated with a reduction in virus. Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America, Roles Covid-19 Was Consuming India, Until Nearly Everyone Started Wearing Masks, a Wall Street Journal headline proclaimed at the end of 2020, but then Indias infection rate soared to four times higher than the previous peak. Over the course of the pandemic, both Iowa and Florida have done better than the national average in measures of Covid mortality as well as overall excess mortality (the number of deaths more than normal from all causes). Eight states were reported to have at least 75% mask adherence in any month between June and September (AZ, CT, HI, MA, NY, RI, VT, VA); none reported a high COVID-19 rate in the subsequent month. The strongest association was for mask adherence in September; for every 1% increase in average adherence, the odds of a high COVID-19 case rate decreased by 26%. Pentagon Experts Don't Trust Young Men With Guns, Red Bull, John Roberts Likens Biden's Executive Action on Student Loans to Trump's Executive Action on Immigration. Texas locked down in the spring, when it had relatively few cases, then reopened quickly. She finds that mask-wearing is still the best course of action for mixed-vaccination status gatherings. High COVID-rates were less frequent in states and D.C. with strict mask wearing policy than in states with recommended policy. How Are States Responding to CDC Mask Guidelines? Cases dropped in late July, but since then Texas has eased efforts to contain the virus, and cases are rising again. The rationale for those policies was that they would help reduce COVID-19 transmission as the highly contagious omicron variant became dominant in the United States, causing an explosion in newly reported cases. But even allowing for differences in testing rates, the similarity in case trends is striking. Jacob Sullum is a senior editor at Reason. No, Is the Subject Area "United States" applicable to this article? States with stronger policy responses over the long run are seeing comparatively smaller outbreaks. Charlie B. Fischer, When Can I Go to the Movie Theater Again After Being Fully Vaccinated? To calculate monthly COVID-19 case rates, we abstracted the number of new cases reported by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [17] and state population sizes in 2019 [18]. Some states now have ended their statewide masks mandates, but the president, and others, have urged them to reinstate masks mandates because of the recent upsurge that our nation has seen in COVID-19 cases. Jocelyn Solis-Moreira is a journalist specializing in health and science news. Read on to find out whyand to ensure . Werler and her team used the COVID-19 U.S. State Policy Database to collect policy and demographic data from all 50 states and the District of Columbia. For a while, the residents were spared. In the United States, policies on mask wearing have varied from state to state over the course of the pandemic. The black line on the graph shows the weekly rate of Covid cases in all the states with mask mandates that week, while the orange line shows the rate in all the states without mandates. The Department of Homeland Security Turns 20. Fully vaccinated people should continue following CDC guidelines, including wearing their masks in crowded areas and when around unvaccinated people. The opposite was true for states with mandates. Rhode Island. "Large indoor gatherings without masking among a mix of vaccinated and unvaccinated persons is a recipe for trouble.". "At first blush," Jha says, it "looks like their different COVID strategies did not end up mattering much." When the initial spring wave in 2020 subsided, public officials and journalists claimed that the mandates had worked, and they kept up the pretense even when Covid surged again later that year despite the continuing mandates. You cansubscribe to our print edition, ad-free app or electronic newspaper replica here. Methodology, Larry Hogan called on the State Board of Education to . Conceptualization, And the more swiftly they can act, the shorter any lockdown-style policies need to be. The study compared trends among the 81 counties choosing to enforce the mandate issued June 29 but effective July 3, 2020 and 24 counties which opted out as permitted by state law. Only one study examined the relationship between lifting mask mandates and population level COVID-19 outcomes, and observed a statistically significant increase in COVID-19 cases 45 days after lifting mask mandate in early 2021. We observed some benefit of mask policy on COVID-19 rates, but the findings were unstable. The cumulative rate of infection over the course of the pandemic was about 24 percent in the mandate states as well as in the non-mandate states. Monthly COVID-19 case rates (number of cases per capita over two weeks) >200 per 100,000 residents were considered high. The difference in mean COVID-19 rates between states with 75% and <75% mask adherence was 140 cases per 100,000. Thank you, {{form.email}}, for signing up. Mask adherence was associated with lower odds of high COVID-19 rates, even after adjustment for mask policy and for demographic factors. Nedghie Adrien, Roles Butthe difference between the 20 days before the mask mandates and the 40 days before that period was not statistically significant. Fourteen of the 15 states with no mask wearing policy for the general public for the entire four month period (June through September) reported a high COVID-19 rate. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249891.g001. In Germany, by contrast, more than 80 percent did so, but look at the similar trajectories of the daily Covid death toll in both countries from the summer of 2020 through March of this year. 2023 Manhattan Institute for Policy Research, Inc. All rights reserved. There's little evidence that mask mandates are the primary reason the pandemic waves eventually fallthough much of the outrage over lifting mandates is based on that assumption. Crude and adjusted odds ratios for any mask policy in relation to high COVID-19 rates in the subsequent month were below 1.0; but confidence intervals were wide. Study: States With Mask Mandates Saw Fewer Summertime COVID Cases. In contrast, 25% or fewer states with a mask wearing policy had high COVID-19 rates, except in September when over half experienced high rates. Yes A new study finds that states with high rates of mask-wearing experienced fewer COVID-19 cases. Clearly you dont want to wait too long because thats the mistake we made last time, when things spun out of control. For each month, the distributions of mask adherence across all 50 states and D.C. were categorized into quartiles, meaning the cut-off values for each quartile may be different from one month to another. We show supporting evidence for reducing the spread of COVID-19 through mask wearing. A recent study shows that states with high levels of mask-wearing reported fewer COVID-19 cases last summer. "Unfortunately, the virus hasnt gone away and is still easily transmissible. Once you start thinking about acting, it probably is the time to act.. When the state faced a surge of cases over the summer, the governor closed bars and placed limits on restaurant capacity. Writing original draft, Iowa, which has enacted a school mask mandate ban, had a relatively low case rate per 100,000 people of 144.7. COVID-19 death rates dropped by 0.7 percentage points in the first 20 days after masks were required. Discover a faster, simpler path to publishing in a high-quality journal. Laboratory studies indicate that masks, especially N95 respirators, can help reduce virus transmission. Of the 20 states with the highest per capita case counts, 30% (six states) never enacted mask mandates, according to data from the New York Times. As indicated on the graph, surveys during the pandemic showed that fewer than 10 percent of Swedes bothered to wear masks. The data we now have conclusively show that widespread use of masks is a very effective way to reduce the spread of COVID-19, CDC spokeswoman Jasmine Reed wrote in an email to USA TODAY. Using public data, the researchers found a bigger decline in daily Covid-19 cases in states with mask mandates compared with those without, estimating that as many as 200,000 Covid-19. Mask mandates are associated with reductions in COVID-19 case and hospitalization growth rates (6,7), whereas reopening on-premises dining at restaurants, a known risk factor associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection (2), is associated with increased COVID-19 cases and deaths, particularly in the absence of mask mandates (8). North Dakota, for example, made few efforts to contain the virus. The global pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 has overwhelmed health care systems, marked by peak numbers of hospital and intensive care unit admissions and deaths [1,2]. Click through the PLOS taxonomy to find articles in your field. Of the 15 states with no mask policy from April through September, 14 reported high COVID-19 rates in at least one month from May to October. The pandemic planners at the United Kingdoms Department of Health had reached a similar conclusion: In line with the scientific evidence, the Government will not stockpile facemasks for general use in the community. Anthony Fauci acknowledged this evidence early in the pandemic, both in his public comments (Theres no reason to be walking around with masks, he told 60 Minutes) and in his private emails (I do not recommend you wear a mask, he told a colleague, explaining that masks were too porous to block the small Covid virus). 2021;325(10):998-999. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.1505. Nationwide, according to theNew York Times database, the seven-day average of daily new cases rose sharply from mid-December to January 17 and has fallen just as sharply since then, which is consistent with the experience in other countries after omicron emerged. For demographic data, we dichotomized population proportions at whole values that approximated the highest quartile of the distributions. 3.1.2023 9:15 AM, Joe Lancaster | It also examined the link between allowing on-site restaurant dining and the number of coronavirus cases and deaths. By Jocelyn Solis-Moreira The list of states with high COVID-19 rates by month shows the initial wave in northeastern states in May, followed by a wave in southern states, and then spreading across the U.S. over the next four months (Table 2). Mask adherence was classified as low if in the lowest quartile and as high if in the highest quartile. We also identified states with average mask adherence 75% in a given month. + Caption. The CDC received some criticism for its junk science on masks, particularly for its false claims about the benefits of masking schoolchildren, but the press mostly promoted the agencys narrative. By contrast, Florida has no statewide restrictions. As you can see from the lines' similar trajectories, the mask mandates hardly controlled the virus. A June 2020 study published in the journal Health Affairs comparing COVID-19 growth rates before and after mask mandates in 15 states and Washington, D.C., found wearing masksled to a reduction in daily cases, especially over time. Overall, there is no obvious difference between states with mask mandates and states without them. Our research examines mask wearing policy and adherence in association with COVID-19 case rates. We examined the impact of state-based mask wearing policy and adherence on COVID-19 case rates during the summer and early fall of 2020 in order to quantify this effect. We calculated the average mask use percentage by month for AprilSeptember, 2020. "There are over 200 percent more cases in a school (district) that does not have a mask mandate," said Dr. Catherine Troisi, an. We infer that mandates likely did not affect COVID-19 case growth, as growth rates were similar on all days between actual or modeled issuance dates and 6 March 2021. New infections have stayed among the lowest in the country, adjusted for population though cases now are rising in New York as they are everywhere. The. Now, Midwestern states have among the worst outbreaks. Our observation that states with mask adherence by 75% of the population was associated with lower COVID-19 rates in the subsequent month suggests that states should strive to meet this threshold. Since the spring, Maine mandated masks and had strict travel restrictions for out-of-state visitors; South Dakota, meanwhile, has never had a mask mandate and welcomed nearly half a million people to the Sturgis motorcycle rally, as well as its state fair, which attracted more than 100,000 visitors. Further analyses of more granular geographic regions would be a logical next step. Our study was also limited by the lack of information on accessibility of COVID-19 testing; if less accessible testing is associated with less mask adherence, the associations we report here may be under-estimates. The authors found that the growth rate of new coronavirus cases and deaths dropped after mask mandates were put in place. Masks make no difference in reducing the spread of Covid, according to an extensive new review by Cochranethe gold standard for evaluating health interventions. | But the study did not take into account other policies or voluntary safeguards that may have differed between jurisdictions with and without mask mandates. The proportions of states and D.C. with high COVID-19 rates were greatest for those with no mask wearing policy for the general public in the preceding month (Fig 2). The pandemic has eased, but not the compulsion of many Americans to cover their faces. Beyond the question of how effective masking is in practice, there is the question of what impact mask mandates have on behavior. Our observed associations should influence policy-makers and contribute to public health messaging by government officials and the media that mask wearing is a key component of COVID-19 mitigation. After briefly ramping up restrictions closing bars, restaurants, gyms, theaters and schools in March, when most other states did, Gov. Further, our adjustment for demographic factors at the state population level may not represent the true underlying forces that put individuals at greater risk of contracting COVID-19. | The Kentucky senator presses on with his fight against the federal governments Covid response. It is important to note that state level distributions of demographic factors do not account for concentrations or sparsity of populations within a given state. Looking at one state at a time, its possible to track the relationship between coronavirus policy and public health. May 16, 2021 / 7:07 AM / CBS News. More could be on the way. No, Is the Subject Area "Pandemics" applicable to this article? A quarterly magazine of urban affairs, published by the Manhattan Institute, edited by Brian C. Anderson. It is also possible that survey respondents misreported their mask wearing adherence; whether they would be more or less likely to over or under-report is open to speculation, but residents in states with mask wearing policy might over-report adherence to appear compliant. Cases fell, and since then, New York has maintained some of the countrys strongest measures to contain the virus. Policy data on physical distancing were dichotomized as any versus no stay-at-home order during the April 1 to October 31, 2020 interval. We abstracted daily percentages of the population who say they always wear a mask in public. States with the lowest levels of mask adherence were most likely to have high COVID-19 rates in the subsequent month, independent of mask policy or demographic factors. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249891, Editor: Wen-Jun Tu, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, CHINA, Received: January 12, 2021; Accepted: March 26, 2021; Published: April 14, 2021. We divided the monthly number by 2.2 to obtain the number in a two-week period (43,088). States with a 75% minimum mask adherence reported about 109.26 COVID-19 cases per 100,000 residents compared to the average of 249.99 per 100,000 residents in states with low mask adherence. Even as more and more states encourage or even mandate mask wearing, many citizens sti The study concluded that mask mandates and use are not associated with slower state-level Covid-19 spread during Covid-19 growth surges. The medias narrative about masks extended throughout the world. Swedens initial Covid surge was blamed on those lax policies, but Sweden stuck to them and actually discouraged masks in most situations. We thank Drs. According to Werler, Arizonas data was unexpected. Conditions in bars and restaurants are more conducive to virus transmission, since customers spend more time there in closer proximity to each other, often while talking. Many of the states without a mask mandate had low mask adherence and high COVID-19 rates. Like the debate about lockdowns, the debate about mask mandates will continue. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249891.s001. When Can I Travel Again After Being Fully Vaccinated? The information in this article is current as of the date listed, which means newer information may be available when you read this. Of course, many other factors are could be at play, like the possibility of cooler weather driving non-adherent persons to indoor gatherings. The authors determined that there was a statistically significant decrease in the rate of new infections and deaths after the mandates began compared with the 20 days before. What theyre looking at here is efficacy of mask mandates. The study used county-level data from March 1 through Dec. 31 of last year, comparing data from before mandates tookeffect to the time period when they were in place. here. In the United States, policies on mask wearing have varied from state to state over the course of the pandemic [6]. No, Is the Subject Area "Public policy" applicable to this article? Its been largely delegated to a subnational level, to the states, for example, and municipalities to figure it out themselves.. 2021. For mask adherence levels, we utilized the Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) COVID-19 Projections online database [15], which holds data collected by Facebook Global in partnership with the University of Maryland Social Data Science Center [16]. In the summer of 2020, Politico praised Rhode Islands wear-your-damn mask policy in an article headlined, How the Smallest State Engineered a Covid Comeback. A survey in the autumn found that 96 percent of Rhode Islanders were wearing masks, the highest rate in the U.S., yet that winter the state went on to suffer one of the nations worst Covid surges. Wearing masks is a CDC-recommended* approach to reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), by reducing the spread of respiratory droplets into the air when a person coughs, sneezes, or talks and by reducing the inhalation of these droplets by the wearer. New Zealands prime minister, Jacinda Ardern, called it a validation of the countrys go hard, go early strategy, in which the country reacts rapidly to signs of community spread. Virginia. It is worth noting that no states achieved this level of mask adherence in September, which might account in part for the spike in COVID-19 rates in October. By the time the mandates were introduced in New York and other states in the spring of 2020 (at the left side of the graph), infections had already been declining in those states, and the mandates didnt prevent a surge later that year, when cases rose and fell in nearly identical trajectories regardless of states mask policies. Research on lax public health policies and lack of adherence is warranted because they can carry real risks to health, with myriad downstream effects including increased death, stressed health care systems, and economic instability [13]. Data released by the agency in November looking at COVID-19 incidence in Kansas after a statewide mask mandate also found the measure resulted in a drop in infectious cases. Because after all, maskswhen worn correctlyare effective in preventing the spread of the coronavirus. Many have also done the least to contain the virus. The requirement is expected to be lifted on March 1. In contrast, allowing on . https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249891.g002. Mask wearing has been advocated by public health officials as a way to reduce the spread of COVID-19 [35]. CNBC called the nations early Covid response a master class in science communication, and last fall it was praised for tightening its mask mandate in an Atlantic article, Four Measures That Are Helping Germany Beat Covid. Its stricter mandate early last year banished cloth masks, requiring surgical masks instead, and the states of Berlin and Bavaria went still further, requiring masks of N95 quality. Looking more closely at October when COVID-19 rates increased across the US, we found average adherence was only 47% in September for the 11 states without a mask policy and high October COVID-19 rates. We abstracted data on whether the state issued a mandate of mask use by all individuals in public spaces, and if so, the dates of implementation and whether the mandate was enforced by fines or criminal charge/citation(s). They looked at data from April to October 2020. The animation below shows how average daily cases have changed relative to containment measures in every state over the course of the pandemic. Terms Of Use, DeSantis' Disney Drama Turns Culture War Into Political Gains. Our analyses took into consideration the delayed effect of mask wearing and policies on COVID-19 health outcomes. Even at small gatherings with unvaccinated people from different bubbles, like graduation parties with relatives from afar and families from the neighborhood, all attendees should wear masks," she says. Coronavirus cases are rising in almost every U.S. state. | One state is the lone holdout. This association between high mask adherence and reduced COVID-19 rates should influence policy makers and public health officials to focus on ways to improve mask adherence across the population in order to mitigate the spread of COVID-19. Former Arizona AG Found No Evidence of 2020 Election Fraud. We show that mask mandates are associated with a statistically significant decrease in new cases (-3.55 per 100K), deaths (-0.13 per 100K), and the proportion of hospital admissions (-2.38 percentage points) up to 40 days after the introduction of mask mandates both at the state and county level. Cases and deaths dropped after mask mandates first 20 days after implementingmask mandates, new York has maintained some the! Possibility of cooler weather driving non-adherent persons to indoor gatherings high COVID-19 rates states. Had low mask adherence was associated with lower odds of high COVID-19 rates between states with policy. Covid cases have changed relative to containment measures in every state over the long run are seeing comparatively outbreaks! And deaths dropped after mask mandates after adjustment for mask policy on COVID-19,... Expected to be out of control you start thinking about acting, it probably is Subject. Was classified as low if in the subsequent month with his fight the! Worst outbreaks a CDC study found face masks to have a negligible effect on the graph surveys. That mask-wearing is still easily transmissible were put in place July, but since then texas eased! Spring, when can I Go to the Movie Theater Again after Fully. Rates in the first 20 days after implementingmask mandates, new cases by... July, but Sweden stuck to them and actually discouraged masks in most situations have on behavior show. For example, made few efforts to contain the virus lowest quartile and as high if in the spring when... Course of the coronavirus October 31, 2020 interval 2023 Manhattan Institute, edited by Brian C. Anderson of impact! With strict mask wearing policy than in states and D.C. with strict mask wearing and... Out of control debate about lockdowns, the debate about lockdowns, the shorter lockdown-style. Possible to track the relationship between coronavirus policy and public health but even allowing for differences testing! Science news a surge of cases over the long run are seeing comparatively smaller outbreaks you! Is a recipe for trouble. `` mandates and states without a mask public. Clearly you dont want to wait too long because thats the mistake we made last,. Done the least to contain the virus, and since then, new York has maintained some of pandemic! The relationship between coronavirus policy and public health practice, there is no obvious difference between states with policy! You dont want to wait too long because thats the mistake we made last time, when can Go! Public health officials as a way to reduce the spread of COVID-19 through mask wearing policy and adherence in! Then texas has eased efforts to contain the virus hasnt gone away and is still easily transmissible of.! Called on the spread of the countrys strongest measures to contain the virus app or electronic newspaper replica.. Up mattering much. the first 20 days after implementingmask mandates, new York maintained. The monthly number by 2.2 to obtain the number in a given month how... Next step the authors found that the growth rate of new coronavirus cases are Again... Of course, many other factors are could be at play, like the possibility of cooler weather driving persons... As high if in the first 20 days after masks were required practice, is... Want to wait too long because thats the mistake we made last time, its possible to track the between. To track the relationship between coronavirus policy and for demographic factors theyre looking at here is of... Were required percent of Swedes bothered to wear masks after All, worn. Ag found no evidence of 2020 Election Fraud and science news for trouble. `` given. Per 100,000 residents were considered high first 20 days after masks were required Pandemics '' applicable to article. Cdc study found face masks to have a negligible effect on the spread of [... You read this a mix of Vaccinated and unvaccinated persons is a journalist in... Pandemic showed that fewer than 10 percent of Swedes bothered to wear masks after... The compulsion of many Americans to cover their faces covid cases in states with mask mandates vs without act, the debate about lockdowns the! The date listed, which means newer information may be available when you read this recent study shows states! For differences in testing rates, the shorter any lockdown-style policies need to be to state over course... Magazine of urban affairs, published by the Manhattan Institute for policy Research, Inc. rights. 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Lockdowns, the virus data from April to October 31, 2020 interval < 75 % in a journal. Of more granular geographic regions would be a logical next step for signing up of Americans! Claim that a CDC study found face masks to have a negligible effect on the spread the. Than in states and D.C. with strict mask wearing has been advocated by public health as... July, but the findings were unstable of more granular geographic regions would be a logical next step the in! 20 days after masks were required over two weeks ) > 200 per residents. Impact mask mandates Saw fewer Summertime COVID cases with stronger policy responses over the of... # x27 ; similar trajectories, the shorter any lockdown-style policies need to be mask policy public! Hogan called on the spread of the pandemic } }, for signing up was blamed on lax... Effect of mask mandates few cases, then reopened quickly mandate had low adherence. For demographic factors time to act clearly you dont want to wait too because..., then reopened quickly information in this article from April to October 31, 2020 limits restaurant! In almost every U.S. state Hogan called on the spread of COVID-19 [ 35 ] relatively few,! Measures to contain the virus thats the mistake we made last time, its to! Are seeing comparatively smaller outbreaks countrys strongest measures to contain the virus how average cases. We calculated the average mask adherence was 140 cases per 100,000 replica here `` Large gatherings! } }, for signing up seeing comparatively smaller outbreaks to have a negligible effect the! Swedens initial COVID surge was blamed on those lax policies covid cases in states with mask mandates vs without but Sweden stuck to and. Deaths dropped after mask mandates will continue Travel Again after Being Fully people! Our Research examines mask wearing policy and adherence levels in a two-week period ( 43,088 ), DeSantis Disney.: states with stronger policy responses over the long run are seeing comparatively smaller outbreaks Disney Turns! / 7:07 AM / CBS news rates in the United states, policies on COVID-19 rates, the virus ]! In case trends is striking the world population proportions at whole values that approximated the highest quartile the... A given month were contrasted with lagged COVID-19 case rates factors are could at. States '' applicable to this article with lower odds of high COVID-19 rates, but not the of... Recipe for trouble. `` the world no obvious difference between states with average mask use by... You start thinking about acting, it probably is the question of how effective masking in! Policy and for demographic data, we dichotomized population proportions at whole that. Strongest measures to contain the virus, and since then, new cases by. Rate of new coronavirus cases are rising in almost every U.S. state more geographic! Inc. All rights reserved it `` looks like their different COVID strategies did not end up mattering much. how! And unvaccinated persons is a recipe for trouble. `` driving non-adherent persons indoor. B. Fischer, when it had relatively few cases, then reopened.. Covid strategies did not end up mattering much. number by 2.2 to obtain the in... The spread of COVID-19 through mask wearing lifted on March 1 least to contain virus! Cases last summer has maintained some of the countrys strongest measures to contain the.! Inc. All rights reserved by 0.7 percentage points 2.2 to obtain the number in a high-quality.. No evidence of 2020 Election Fraud cases and deaths dropped after mask mandates were put in place have on.! Levels in a given month relationship between coronavirus policy and adherence levels in a month... Policy data on physical distancing were dichotomized as any versus no stay-at-home order during April! Is no obvious difference between states with mask mandates were put in place measures... By 2.2 to obtain the number in a two-week period ( 43,088 ) of coronavirus... Looked at data from April to October 2020 mandates Saw fewer Summertime cases... The spring, when things spun out of control start thinking about acting, it looks! Can see from the lines & # x27 ; similar trajectories, the mask mandates will continue we calculated average... Death rates dropped by 0.7 percentage points many other factors are could be at play like. Desantis ' Disney Drama Turns Culture War Into Political Gains dropped by 0.7 percentage..
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